Although dyspraxia can occur on its own, it is commonly associated with other illnesses such as Aspergers Syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), Dyslexia, language issues, and social, emotional, and behavioral impairments. People with these related conditions often have problems with attention and self-control, may have trouble interpreting others' nonverbal cues, and may have difficulty forming relationships.
Dyspraxia is a neurological condition that affects the way people use their muscles to communicate their wishes. It is not due to mental illness such as autism or ADHD. There are two main types of dyspraxia: developmental dyspraxia which causes problems during childhood and adult-onset dyspraxia which occurs later in life. Symptoms include having great difficulty performing tasks that require precise movements; for example, writing legibly or catching a ball.
People with dyspraxia often have difficulties using words properly to express themselves. For example, they may use the wrong verb form or lack awareness of what sounds come out when they clench their teeth while biting off pieces of food. They may also have problems with syntax (the order of words in sentences) and structure (the relationship between words in a sentence). These two skills are essential for learning to read and write.
People with dyspraxia usually receive special education services from early years through to adulthood.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF DYSLEXIA, DYSPRAXIA, AND ADHD The clinical overlap between these illnesses is significant; each might emerge in isolation, but the same individual will frequently exhibit characteristics of two, or even all three of these conditions. Unfortunately, in most cases, there is no such overlap in diagnosis and management. Individuals with dyslexia often receive an additional diagnosis of ADHD, while those with ADHD may be given a diagnosis of dyslexia later in life when their reading problems are identified as being due to attention deficit disorder.
Many researchers believe that dyslexia and ADHD are different sides of the same coin: disorders of the brain's visual processing system. Others argue that they are separate issues that sometimes occur together because children with ADHD are not paying enough attention to learn how to read properly. Still others suggest that all children struggle with learning to read correctly at first and that only some go on to develop additional problems with attention and focus. Yet others point out that although many individuals with dyslexia also have ADHD, this is not always the case--and vice versa. Some studies show that as many as half of all children with ADHD do not have any form of dyslexia.
What we do know is that if your child has been diagnosed with either condition, it is important to seek further evaluation by a professional who is familiar with both diagnoses. Until recently, the majority of research on dyslexia had focused on children who exhibited difficulties with spelling and writing.
Dyspraxia is characterized by difficulties with movement, coordination, judgment, processing, memory, and several other cognitive processes. Dyspraxia also has an impact on the immunological and neural systems of the body. There are two types of dyspraxia: motor and intellectual/developmental.
People with motor dyspraxia have problems executing movements accurately or smoothly. They may also have problems maintaining posture or holding things. These problems can affect activities such as eating, dressing, writing letters, or using utensils properly. Motor dyspraxia can be caused by brain lesions, especially in areas responsible for planning and executing movements; however, it can also be due to disorders such as autism, cerebral palsy, or stroke. People with intellectual/developmental dyspraxia make up about 10% of those with dyspraxia. They often have trouble organizing and completing tasks, remembering instructions, following directions, managing money, and dealing with change. Like those with motor dyspraxia, individuals with intellectual/developmental dyspraxia can have issues using their hands correctly. Sometimes this problem is due to a developmental disability such as autism or ADHD, but it can also be because these people lack the experience to use their muscles correctly. In either case, someone with intellectual/developmental dyspraxia will need help from others to complete daily tasks.
Adults with dyspraxia frequently endure social isolation and difficulty finding and keeping a job. People with dyspraxia, with the correct care and support, may live full, productive, and meaningful lives. In order to do so, they need to find effective ways to communicate their needs and desires.
Dyspraxia affects how someone uses language or moves their body. It is not insanity, mental illness, or a form of learning disability such as autism. Dyspraxia can be diagnosed using standardized tests called screening tools. If you suspect that you or someone you know has dyspraxia, ask questions about how they experience everyday life. This will help your doctor identify signs of dyspraxia.
People with dyspraxia often have trouble organizing their thoughts and expressing themselves clearly. They may have difficulty saying no and may give away their seat on the bus/train/tram/light rail/subway etc. Or they may talk too much! Most people with dyspraxia also enjoy some kind of activity that involves physical movement such as dance, music, sports or acting.
Many factors affect whether someone with dyspraxia can live on their own. Your doctor will take into account your ability to manage money, pay bills, and keep up with housekeeping tasks.
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